Understanding Bio-Based Materials
What Are Bio-Based Materials?
Bio-based materials are derived from renewable biomass sources, as opposed to traditional industrial chemicals made from fossil-based raw materials, which are non-renewable. Common sources for bio-based materials include plants, animals, marine, and forestry products. Additional sources can include waste from sugar refineries, biofuels production, and algae. The bio-based content of these materials is measured by standards such as ASTM D6866 and EN 16785-2.
Benefits of Bio-Based Materials
The shift toward bio-based materials is driven by the urgent need to address climate change and reduce our reliance on finite resources. Bio-based materials help transition away from fossil fuels, promoting a more sustainable society. They often offer enhanced recyclability and higher process efficiency through biological production processes like enzymes, fermentation, and bio-catalysis, which can lead to a reduced carbon footprint. Additionally, these materials are frequently associated with lower toxicity and biodegradability.
However, it's crucial to note that products made from bio-based materials are not automatically more sustainable. The overall environmental impact should be evaluated through Life Cycle Assessments to consider all aspects of production.
The Future of Bio-Based Materials
The use of bio-based materials is predicted to grow steadily, particularly in the chemicals industry. Legislative support, such as the US Renewable Chemicals Act introduced in 2021, is fostering wider adoption across various sectors. The global market for bio-based chemicals, valued at USD 77 billion in 2021, is expected to reach approximately USD 144 billion by 2028, according to Fortune Business Insights.
